know your risk for seasonal affective disorder

You may notice differences in your mood and behavior as the seasons change. This is called Seasonal Affective Disorder, and it affects nearly 65 million Americans over the age of 65.

What is Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)?

SAD is a type of depression that coincides with the change of seasons. Winter-pattern SAD usually begins in late fall and lasts four to five months. Though it may not occur in consecutive years, SAD develops around the same time of year.

Risk factors include:

• A family history of SAD
• Pre-existing depression or bipolar disorder
• Living farther north of the equator

What are the Causes?

A lack of sunlight can exacerbate SAD. If you live far in the Northern Hemisphere, you receive less sunlight during the fall and winter, which can throw your mind and body for a loop.

A lack of sunlight can affect:

Serotonin: A neurotransmitter that regulates your mood and is impacted by the amount of sunlight absorbed through your skin.

Melatonin: A natural hormone that controls your sleep-wake cycle.

Your biological clock: An internal process, also called a circadian rhythm, that affects your sleep patterns and is reset by the Earth’s daily rotation.

Symptoms of Seasonal Affective Disorder

• Irritability, anxiety, depression or agitation
• Loss of energy or fatigue
• A change in your sleep schedule
• Lack of interest in your favorite activities
• Overeating and weight gain
• Social withdrawal
• Difficulty concentrating
• Thoughts of suicide

Treatment Options

Visit your primary care physician or a mental health specialist if your symptoms last more than two weeks.

Treatment options include:

Light therapy: This method uses a light box that emits non-damaging levels of UV rays that mimic natural sunlight. The light helps your brain produce the proper amount of serotonin and melatonin.

Medication: Antidepressant medication can regulate your serotonin to ease your condition and prevent a reoccurrence of symptoms.

Cognitive behavioral therapy: Also called “talk therapy,” this process involves meeting with a mental health specialist and learning behavioral techniques to cope with the effects of SAD.

Embassy Healthcare is committed to supporting our residents’ mental health throughout the year. Contact us to learn more about our emotional health services and clinical capabilities.